REFERENCES

HERE ARE SOME GREAT REFERENCES FOR LEARNING! WHEN YOU LOOK INTO SOME OF THESE STUDIES REMEMBER THAT 99.9% OF STUDIES ARE DONE WITH THE USE OF SYNTHETIC VITAMINS. MANY OF THESE REFERENCES AND STUDIES SHOW THE ADVERSE EFFECTS OF SYNTHETIC VITAMINS INDIRECTLY BECAUSE MANY OF THE STUDIES SHOW ZERO POSITIVE RESULTS AND MANY TIMES ADVERSE RESULTS FOR YOUR HEALTH!
NATURALLY OCCURRING VITAMINS ARE THE WAY TO GO!!
DON'T RISK YOUR HEALTH TO THE UNCERTAINTY OF SYNTHETIC VITAMINS!TM

Vitamin A

FallonMB, Boyer JL. Hepatic toxicity of vitamin A and synthetic retinoids. J GastroHepatol, 1990;5(3):334-342

RothmanK, et al. Teratogenicity of high vitamin A intake. NEJM, 1995;333(21):1369-1373

SchellingGT, Roeder RA, Garber MJ, Pumfrey WM. Bioavailability and interaction ofvitamin A and vitamin E in ruminants. J Nutr,1995;125(6):1799S-1803S

RossAC. Vitamin A and retinoids. In Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease, 9th ed.William & Wilkins, Balt.,1999:305-327

Facts about Vitamin A and Carotenoids, from the NationalInstitates of Health's Office of Dietary Supplements.

Vitamin A Toxicity from http://www.vitamindcouncil.org/newsletter/2008-december.shtm

Xavier Mertz (first documented death of Hypervitaminosis A afterconsuming a sled dog's liver during an Antarctic expedition)

OlsonJA. Vitamin A, retinoids, and carotenoids. In Modern Nutrition in Health andDisease, 8th ed. Lea & Febiger, Phil.,1994:287-307

Vitamin B

Cervantes-LaurenD, McElvaney NG, Moss J. Niacin. In Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease, 9thed. Williams & Wilkins, Balt.,1999:401-411

KannoC, Kanehara N, Shirafuji K, Tanji R, Imai T. Binding form of vitamin B2 inbovine milk: its concentrations, distribution, and binding linkages. J Nutr SciVitaminol, 1991;37(1):15-27

KimuraM, Itokawa Y, Fujiwara M. Cooking losses of thiamin in food and its nutritionalsignificance. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol, 1990;36(S1):S17:S24

HaSW. Rabbit study comparing yeast and isolated B vitamins (as described inMurray RP. Natural vs. Synthetic. Mark R. Anderson, 1995:A3). Ann Rev Physiol,1941;3:259-282

IshidaA, Kanefusa H, Fujita H, Toraya T. Microbiological activities of nucleotideloop-modified analogues of vitamin B12. Arch Microbiol,1994;161(4):293-299

NakanoH, McMahon LG, Gregory JF. Pyridoxine-5’-beta-glucoside exhibits incompletebioavailability as a source of vitamin B-6 and partially inhibits theutilization of co-ingested pyridoxine in humans. J Nutr,1997;127(8):1508-1513

TandlerB, Krhenbul S, Brass EP. Unusual mitochondria in the hepatocytes of ratstreated with a vitamin B12 analogue. Anat Rec,1991;231(1):1-6

Plesofsky-VigN. Pantothenic acid and Coenzyme A. In Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease,8th ed. Lea & Febiger, Phil.,1994:395-401

HerbertV. Folic Acid In Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease, 9th ed. Williams &Wilkins, Balt.,1999:433-446

HerbertV, Das KC. Folic acid and vitamin B12. In Modern Nutrition in Health andDisease, 8th ed. Lea & Febiger, Phil.,1994:402-425

TanphaichitrV. Thiamin. In Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease, 8th ed. Lea &Febiger, Phil.,1994:359-365

SwenseidME and Jacob RA. Niacin. In Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease, 8th ed. Leaand Febiger, Phil.,1994:376-382

LeklemJE. Vitamin B6. In Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease, 8th ed. Lea &Febiger, Phil.,1994:383-394

Vitamin C

VinsonJA, Howard TB. Inhibition of protein glycation and advanced glycation endproducts by ascorbic acid and other vitamins and nutrients. Nutr Bioch,1996;7:659-663

VinsonJA, Courey JM, Maro NP. Comparison of two forms of vitamin C on galactosecataracts. In Nutrition Research, Vol 12. Pergamon Press, 1992:915-922

VinsonJA, Bose P. Bioavailability of synthetic ascorbic acid and a citrus extract.Ann New York Academy of Sciences, Vol 498. 525:526, July 1987

VinsonJA, et al. In vitro and in vivo reduction of erythrocyte sorbitol by ascorbicacid. Diabetes, 1989;38:1036-1041

KasaiT, Inoue K, Komatsubara H, Tsujimura. Synthesis and antiscorbutic activity ofvitamin C analogue: L-threo-hex-2-enaro-1,4-lactone ethyl ester in the guineapig. Int J Vitamin Nutr Res,1993;63(3):208-211

VinsonJA, Hu S, Jung S. A citrus extract plus ascorbic acid decreases lipids, lipidperoxides, lipoprotein oxidative susceptibility, and atherosclerosis inhypercholesterolemic hamsters. J Agric Food Chem, 1998;46:1453-1469

VinsonJA, Bose P. Comparative bioavailabililty of humans to ascorbic acid alone or ina citrus extract. Am J Clin Nutr, 1988;48:601-406

VinsonJ. Human supplementation with different forms of vitamin C. University ofScranton, Scranton (PA)

JacobRA. Vitamin C. In Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease, 9th ed. William &Wilkins, Balt.,1999:467-483

Gomez-Cabrera MC, Domenech E, Romagnoli M, Arduini A, Borras C,Pallardo FV, Sastre J, and Vina, J. Oral administration of vitamin C decreasesmuscle mitochondrial biogenesis and hampers training-induced adaptations inendurance performance. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 Jan;87(1):142-9.

Berger TM, Polidori MC, Dabbagh A, et al. Antioxidant activityof vitamin C in iron-overloaded human plasma. J Biol Chem 1997;272:15656-60.

Childs A, Jacobs C, Kaminski T, Halliwell B, Leeuwenhurgh C.Supplementation with vitamin C and N-acetvl-cysteine increases oxidative stressin humans after an acute muscle injury induced by eccentric exercise. FreeRadic Biol Med 2001;31:745-53.

Close GL, Ashton T, Cable T, et al. Ascorbic acidsupplementation does not attenuate post-exercise muscle soreness followingmuscle-damaging exercise but may delay the recovery process. Br J Nutr 2006;95:976-81.

Morh D, Stocker R. Selective and sensitive measurement ofvitamin C, ubiquinol-10 and other low-molecular-weight antioxidants. in:Punchard NA, Kelly FJ, eds. Free radicals-a practical approach. Oxford, UnitedKingdom: Oxford University Press 2002:271-86,

Davies KJ, Packer L, Brooks GA. Biochemical adaptation ofmitochondria, muscle, and whole-animal respiration to endurance training. ArchBiochem Biophys 1981;209:539-54.

Marshall RJ, Scott KC, Hill RC, et al. Supplemental vitamin Cappears to slow racing greyhounds. J Nutr 2002;132(suppl):1616S-21S.

Shekelle P, Morton S, Hardy M. Effect of SupplementalAntioxidants Vitamin C, Vitamin E, and Coenzyme Q10 for the Prevention andTreatment of Cardiovascular Disease. Summary, Evidence Report/TechnologyAssessment: Number 83. AHRQ Publication Number 03-E042, June 2003. Agency forHealthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, MD.

Vitamin D

HolickMF. Vitamin D. In Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease, 9th ed. William &Wilkins, Balt.,1999:329-345

Vitamin D Council (Vitamin A & D ratios and problems)

HolickMF. Vitamin D. In Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease, 8th ed. Lea &Febiger, Phil.,1994:308-325

Hathcock JN, Shao A, Vieth R, Heaney R (January 2007)."Risk assessment for vitamin D". Am J Clin Nutr 85(1): 6-18.

Vieth R (May 1999). "Vitamin D supplementation,25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations, and safety". Am. J Clin. Nutr. 69 (5):842-56

Vitamin E

TraberMG, Elsner A, Brigelius-Flohe R. Synthetic as compared with natural vitamin Eis preferentially excreted as alpha-CEHC in human urine: studies usingdeuterated alpha-tocopherol acetates. FEBS Letters, 1998;437:145-148

FarrellPA, Roberts RJ. Vitamin E. In Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease, 8th ed.Lea & Febiger, Phil.,1994:326-358

Levy. AP, Gerstein, HC, Miller-Lotan, R, Ratner, R, McQueen, M,Lonn, E, & Pogue, J. (2004). The effect of vitamin E supplementation oncardiovascular risk in diabetic individuals with different haptoglobinphenotypes. Diabetes Care, 27, 2767.

Burton GW, Traber, MG, Acuff RV, Walters DN, Kayden H, Hughes L,Ingold, KU. (1998). Human plasma and tissue alpha-tocopherol concentrations inresponse to supplementation with deuterated natural and synthetic vitamin E. AmJ Clin Nutr 67, 669-684.

Coombes JS, Powers SK, Rowell B, et al. Effects of vitamin E andalpha-lipoic acid on skeletal muscle contractile properties. J Appl Physiol 2001;90: 1424-30.

Miller, ER 3rd, Pastor-Barriuso, B, Dalal, D, Riemersma, RA,Appel, LJ, & Guallar, E. (2004). Meta-Analysis: High-Dosage Vitamin ESupplementation May Increase All-Cause Mortality. Annals of Internal Medicine,142.

Manning PJ, Sutherland WH, Walker RJ, Williams SM, De Jong SA,Ryalls AR, & Berry EA. (2004). Effect of high-dose vitamin E on insulinresistance and associated parameters in overweight subjects. Diabetes Care, 27,2166-2171.

Vitamin K

OlsonRE. Vitamin K. In Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease, 8th ed. Lea &Febiger, Phil.,1994:342-358

CO Q 10

Malm C, Svensson M, Sjoberg B, Ekhorn B. Supplementation withubiquinone-10 causes cellular damage during intense exercise. Acta PhysiolScand 1996;157:51 1-2.

Antioxidants

VinsonJ. Human supplementation with antioxidants. Med Sci Res, 1992;20:145-146

Nielsen AN, Mizuno M, Ratkevicius A, et al. No effect ofantioxidant supplementation in triathletes on maximal oxygen uptake, 31P-NMRSdetected muscle energy metabolism and muscle fatigue. Int J Sports Med 1999 20:154-8.

SchumannK, et al. Bioavailability of oral vitamins, minerals, and trace minerals inperspective. Arzneimittelforschung,1997;47(4):369-380

VinsonJ, Bose P, Lemoine L, Hsiao KH. Bioavailability studies. In NutrientAvailability: Chemical and Biological Aspects. Royal Society of Chemistry,Cambridge ( UK) 1989:125-127

General Nutrition

Plesofsky-VigN. Pantothenic acid. In Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease, 9th ed. William& Wilkins, Balt.,1999:423-432

Leklem JE. Vitamin B6. In Modern Nutrition inHealth and Disease, 9th ed. William & Wilkins, Balt.,1999:413-421

TenneyL. Health Handbook. Woodland Books, Provo (UT), 1987

WilliamsAW, Erdman JW. Food processing: nutrition, safety, and quality balances. InModern Nutrition in Health and Disease, 9th ed. William & Wilkins,Balt.,1999:1813-1821

McCormickDB, Riboflavin. In Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease, 9th ed. William& Wilkins, Balt.,1999:391-399

HuiJH. Encyclopedia of Food Science and Technology. John Wiley, New York, 1992

HaynesW. Chemical Trade Names and Commercial Synonyms, 2nd ed. Van Nostrand Co., NewYork, 1955

TanphaichitrV. Thiamin. In Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease, 9th ed. William &Wilkins, Balt.,1999:381-389

MackA. All vitamin supplements not created equal. Med Trib, May 21, 1998:17

BauernfeindJC. Nutrification of foods. In Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease, 8th ed.Lea & Febiger, Phil.,1994:1579-1592

ThielR. Vitamins are naturally found in food complexes. ANMA Monitor, 1999; 3(1):5-9

Watson WA, Litovitz TL, Klein-Schwartz W, et al (2004)."2003 annual report of the American Association of Poison Control CentersToxic Exposure Surveillance System". Am J Emerg Med 22 (5): 335-404.

JenkinsDJA, Wolever TMS, and Jenkins AL. Diet Factors Affecting Nutrient Absorptionand Metabolism. In Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease, 8th ed. Lea &Febiger, Phil.,1994:58

BarrettS, Herbert V. Fads, Frauds, and Quackery. In Modern Nutrition in Health andDisease, 9th ed. William & Wilkins, Balt.,1999:1793-1800

BarrettS, Herbert V. The Vitamin Pushers: How the ‘Health Food’ Industry is SellingAmerica a Bill of Goods. Prometheus Press, Amherst (NY), 1994

WhitneyEN, Rolfes S. Understanding Nutrition, 7th ed. West Publishing, St. Paul, 1996

WhitneyEN, Hamilton EMN. Understanding Nutrition, 4ed. West Publishing, New York, 1987

EnsmingerAH, Ensminger ME, Konlade JE, Robson JRK. Food & Nutrition Encyclopedia,2nd ed. CRC Press, New York, 1993

TheUnited States Pharmacopeial Convention. USAN and USP Dictionary of Drug Names.Mack Printing, Easton (PA),1986

MacraeR, Robson RK, Sadler MJ. Encyclopedia of Food Science and Nutrition. AcademicPress, New York, 1993

TurnerG. Spectral Data Services. Tests conducted Feb. 1993

McCormickDB. Riboflavin. In Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease, 8th ed. Lea &Febiger, Phil.,1994:366-375